MacOS

Set Persistent $PATH

---

cat /etc/paths
/usr/local/bin
/usr/bin
/bin
/usr/sbin
/sbin
/Users/ardikas/.toolbox/bin

How to combine split zip files (and extract them)

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When you come across split files that end with sequential numbers (e.g. .001, .002, etc...), before you can use the file, you first need to join the split files together into a single, whole file. A split ZIP file could look like this, for instance:

691-5088-A.zip_.001
691-5088-A.zip_.002
691-5088-A.zip_.003
691-5088-A.zip_.004

To combine them:

cat 691-5088-A.zip_.* > 691-5088-A.zip

Then extract using Archive utility.

How to Deactivate Anaconda shell

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That's the "base" environment from Anaconda or Miniconda. It means the Python environment from conda is enabled by default.

(base) ardikas-mbp:~ ardika$
(base) ardikas-mbp:~ ardika$ conda deactivate 
ardikas-mbp:~ ardika$ 

In other words:

# run this in an interactive shell
# enable environment called "base", the default env from conda
conda activate base

# deactivate an environment
conda deactivate

Ref: https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/371727/how-do-i-remove-the-source-base-from-my-terminal

Alternatively, you can enable the base environment, which is the default behavior of conda, but don't modify your prompt. Run the following command in an interactive shell once.

conda config --set changeps1 false

How to Flush DNS Cache on MacOS (Sanoma)

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1. To see if macOS is caching DNS run:

sudo killall -INFO mDNSResponder

2. Then check the system log for DNS cache details:

log show --predicate 'subsystem == "com.apple.mDNSResponder"' --info --last 1m

3. Manually Flush and Restart DNS Cache (This forces macOS to reload DNS records):

sudo dscacheutil -flushcache
sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder

4. Can see when I re-run: log show --predicate 'subsystem == "com.apple.mDNSResponder"' --info --last 1m, it shows SIGHUP: Purge cache

ardikas-mbp:~ ardika$ log show --predicate 'subsystem == "com.apple.mDNSResponder"' --info --last 1m | grep -i cache
2025-02-22 19:05:36.755094-0500 0x11e4b9   Default     0x0                  443    0    mDNSResponder: [com.apple.mDNSResponder:Default] mDNSCoreReceiveCacheCheck: rescuing RR with new TTL 310: <mask.hash: 'tSMxsg9qMp19a7yd5c1b3A=='>
2025-02-22 19:05:36.755192-0500 0x11e4b9   Default     0x0                  443    0    mDNSResponder: [com.apple.mDNSResponder:Default] mDNSCoreReceiveCacheCheck: rescuing RR with new TTL 138: <mask.hash: 'tSMxsg9qMp19a7yd5c1b3A=='>
2025-02-22 19:05:36.755198-0500 0x11e4b9   Default     0x0                  443    0    mDNSResponder: [com.apple.mDNSResponder:Default] mDNSCoreReceiveCacheCheck: rescuing RR with new TTL 34: <mask.hash: 'PYhMkVgT/uBHoTHgS6r7Bw=='>
2025-02-22 19:05:36.755202-0500 0x11e4b9   Default     0x0                  443    0    mDNSResponder: [com.apple.mDNSResponder:Default] mDNSCoreReceiveCacheCheck: rescuing RR with new TTL 34: <mask.hash: 'yZKmw0Dz9siigo8epF/bzg=='>
2025-02-22 19:05:36.755205-0500 0x11e4b9   Default     0x0                  443    0    mDNSResponder: [com.apple.mDNSResponder:Default] mDNSCoreReceiveCacheCheck: rescuing RR with new TTL 34: <mask.hash: 'aIuyJyN+gV+X0F2JGWe+yw=='>
2025-02-22 19:05:36.755209-0500 0x11e4b9   Default     0x0                  443    0    mDNSResponder: [com.apple.mDNSResponder:Default] mDNSCoreReceiveCacheCheck: rescuing RR with new TTL 34: <mask.hash: 'IJCp8ur7RxpFg30heg1kpw=='>
2025-02-22 19:06:06.264086-0500 0xe1d      Default     0x0                  443    0    mDNSResponder: [com.apple.mDNSResponder:Default] SIGHUP: Purge cache